内容来源：https://www.geekwire.com/2025/meet-the-key-players-in-the-pacific-northwests-fusion-energy-hub/

内容总结：

【科技前沿】太平洋西北地区引领核聚变能源创新浪潮 西雅图聚变周揭幕产业新动态

作为全球核聚变能源产业的重要枢纽，美国太平洋西北地区近日启动年度"西雅图聚变周"活动。三年前美国能源部核聚变项目负责人斯科特·许曾指出，该地区具备引领核聚变未来的全部要素。如今，尽管实现"人造太阳"仍面临技术突破与资金挑战，但当地企业正通过持续创新向终极清洁能源目标稳步迈进。

产业先锋最新进展

赫利恩能源（Helion Energy）今夏在华盛顿州中部开建全球首座商用聚变电厂"猎户座"项目，计划2028年投产。该企业已与微软签订数据中心供电协议，并获得超10亿美元投资。其第七代原型堆"北极星"及16.6万平方英尺新研发中心落户埃弗里特市。

扎普能源（Zap Energy）研发的FuZE-Q和FuZE-3反应堆取得突破，其"世纪"系统实现连续三小时稳定运行，完成1080次等离子体放电。该公司采用Z箍缩技术路线，目标2030年实现商业化。

雪崩能源（Avalanche Energy）独辟蹊径开发桌面级聚变装置，除能源生成外还涉足中子商业应用。该公司获国防创新单元太空推进研发合同，并依托州政府1000万美元资助在东华盛顿建设聚变技术测试中心。

通用聚变（General Fusion）虽经历裁员调整，但其不列颠哥伦比亚省原型堆建设持续推进。这家老牌企业历经技术路线转型，目标在2030年代中期实现电网供电。

产业生态持续完善

除核心设备商外，京都聚变工程（Kyoto Fusioneering）为行业提供关键组件技术，阿尔特鲁申（Altrusion）专注聚变反应堆精密制造，埃克索聚变（ExoFusion）则通过知识产权授权推动技术转化。

科研体系强力支撑

爱达荷国家实验室主导"核毯测试"安全研究，太平洋西北国家实验室开发新型抗辐射材料，华盛顿大学持续开展等离子体基础研究，共同构建起产学研协同创新网络。随着西雅图聚变周汇聚全球行业精英，这片北美创新高地正加速点亮人类清洁能源的未来图景。

中文翻译：

作为核聚变能源产业重镇的美国太平洋西北地区，近日正式启动年度"西雅图核聚变周"活动。三年前，时任美国能源部核聚变项目负责人的斯科特·许曾向与会者宣告："西雅图地区拥有引领核聚变未来发展的全部要素。"

虽然这个未来尚未完全到来——当地物理学家和工程师仍在努力重现为太阳提供能量的原子碰撞反应。但若有企业能以经济高效的方式实现这一目标，将开启安全清洁能源的宝库，即所谓可再生能源的"圣杯"。尽管仍存在严峻的技术与资金障碍，持续的努力正推动整个行业逐步接近目标。

今夏，赫利恩能源公司在华盛顿州中部破土动工，致力于建设全球首座商用核聚变发电厂；扎普能源公司在反应堆与能量捕获技术领域连创里程碑；雪崩能源公司正在探索中子生产技术并筹建行业测试设施；通用聚变公司今年初虽经历裁员，但其演示装置研发已取得实质性进展。

以下是太平洋西北地区致力于核聚变能源开发的代表企业、配套初创公司及知名研究机构概览（多数机构参与由清洁技术联盟主办的西雅图核聚变周）：

【赫利恩能源】

• 总部：华盛顿州埃弗里特与马拉加
• 创立于2013年
• 融资：超10亿美元风险投资（达成阶段性目标可获追加），900万美元能源部拨款
• 目标：2028年实现商用发电
• 技术：磁惯性约束聚变，脉冲运行，场反向位形配置
  其首座50兆瓦"猎户座"设施将坐落于哥伦比亚河畔。若进展顺利，该反应堆电力将专供微软数据中心，另与纽柯钢铁签署供电协议。据《普吉特海湾商业日报》报道，公司近期在埃弗里特新增16.65万平方英尺研发空间，第七代"北极星"原型堆正于此研发。

【扎普能源】

• 驻地：华盛顿州埃弗里特
• 创立于2017年
• 融资：3.3亿美元风投，1300万美元能源部资助
• 目标：2030年实现商用发电
• 技术：磁约束聚变，脉冲运行，Z箍缩
  公司已建成FuZE-Q、FuZE-3两座实验堆及"世纪"能量捕获系统，其液态金属壁技术可高效吸收传递聚变热能。今年2月，"世纪"平台实现连续三小时无故障运行，完成1080次等离子体脉冲，达成能源部资助里程碑。

【雪崩能源】

• 驻地：西雅图与里奇兰
• 2018年创立，2022年公开运营
• 融资：5000万美元风投，1000万美元州政府资助，900万美元国防部合同
• 目标：2027年完成技术验证
• 技术：磁静电约束聚变
  凭借桌面级聚变装置另辟蹊径，通过中子商业销售与太空推进系统研发实现多元盈利。今夏获州政府1000万美元资助，将在东华盛顿建设"聚变工场"商用测试设施。

【通用聚变】

• 驻地：不列颠哥伦比亚省列治文市
• 创立于2002年
• 融资：3.66亿美元政府资助及风投
• 目标：2030年代中前期接入电网
• 技术：磁化靶聚变
  今年五月公司首席执行官公开呼吁增资，并确认裁员消息（据《环球邮报》报道裁员比例达25%）。正在建设的原型堆体积为规划商用装置的一半，近年来经历多次技术转型，英国演示项目已中止。

【产业链配套企业】
京都聚变工程（东京总部/西雅图/安大略）：2019年创立，2023年进驻西雅图，融资1.08亿美元，专注聚变组件技术研发，日加测试设施建设中。

阿尔特聚变（塞德罗-伍利）：2024年创立，融资未公开，为聚变堆、先进核能、电池等领域提供精密部件。

外聚变（贝尔维尤）：2022年创立，完成未公开种子轮，从事聚变技术知识产权授权。

【科研机构】
爱达荷国家实验室：主导能源部"聚变创新研究引擎"计划中的包层核测试项目，运行聚变安全计划。

太平洋西北国家实验室：研发耐聚变辐射新材料、反应堆结构部件，推进聚变计算研究。

华盛顿大学：航空宇航系开展等离子体科学研究，孵化扎普能源等企业（其中CT聚变于2023年终止运营，联合创始人加入扎普）。

英文来源：

The Pacific Northwest — a hub for the fusion energy sector — has kicked off its annual Seattle Fusion Week.
Three years ago Scott Hsu, then the fusion lead for the U.S. Department of Energy, told the event’s attendees “the Seattle area has all the right ingredients to lead fusion into the future.”
The future hasn’t yet arrived as local physicists and engineers are still laboring to recreate the atom-smashing reactions that power the sun. If any companies succeed in doing this in a cost-effective manner, it would unlock an abundant source of safe, clean energy — the so-called “Holy Grail” of renewable power.
While serious technical and financial hurdles remain, efforts keep nudging the sector closer toward its goals.
Helion Energy this summer started construction in Central Washington on what it hopes will be the world’s first commercial fusion power plant. Zap Energy has hit new milestones with its fusion reactors and energy-capturing technologies. Avalanche Energy is exploring neutron production and building a test facility for the sector. General Fusion had layoffs earlier this year, but is making progress with its demo device.
Here’s a round up of Pacific Northwest companies working to harness fusion power, startups that aim to support the sector, and notable research institutions — most of whom are participating in Seattle Fusion Week, which is hosted by CleanTech Alliance.
Helion Energy

• Location: Everett and Malaga, Wash.
• Founded: 2013
• Funding: More than $1 billion from investors (plus additional funding if deadlines are met); $9 million from DOE
• Upcoming targets: Commercial power by 2028
• Technology: Magneto-inertial fusion, pulsed operation, field-reversed configuration
  Helion’s initial 50 megawatt facility, dubbed Orion, will be located near the Columbia River. If all goes to plan — and much remains uncertain — the reactor’s electricity is earmarked for Microsoft data centers, and Helion has a separate deal to power Nucor steel.
  The company recently signed a lease for 166,500 square feet of new space in Everett, the Puget Sound Business Journal reports. The city is home to Helion’s HQ and its seventh fusion prototype, a reactor called Polaris.
  Zap Energy
• Location: Everett, Wash.
• Founded: 2017
• Funding: $330 million in venture capital; $13 million in DOE grants
• Upcoming targets: Commercial power by 2030
• Technology: Magnetic confinement fusion, pulsed operation, Z-pinch
  Zap has built and is doing experiments with two fusion reactors (FuZE-Q and FuZE-3) and built its Century system, which includes key technologies for making and capturing power, namely liquid metal walls that absorb and transfer the heat produced by fusion, electrodes and energy-releasing capacitors.
  In February, Zap hit a milestone for its DOE funding by operating the Century platform continuously for three hours, producing a series of 1,080 plasma shots without failure.
  Avalanche Energy
• Location: Seattle and Richland, Wash.
• Founded: 2018, out of stealth in 2022
• Funding: $50 million from investors; $10 million from Washington state; $9 million from Department of Defense
• Upcoming targets: Technology demonstration in 2027
• Technology: Magneto-electrostatic fusion
  Avalanche is taking a different track with its desktop-sized energy fusion device and working multiple angles for revenue generation.
  That includes using its fusion machine for producing neutrons for commercial sale, and it has a Pentagon contract from the Defense Innovation Unit to develop technology for space propulsion and power generation. This summer, Avalanche landed a $10 million grant from the state to launch FusionWERX, a commercial-scale testing facility for fusion technologies in Eastern Washington.
  General Fusion
• Location: Richmond, B.C.
• Founded: 2002
• Funding: $366 million from government grants and investors
• Upcoming targets: Commercial power on the grid by “the early to mid-2030s”
• Technology: Magnetized target fusion
  In May, General Fusion’s CEO made a public plea for more funding and shared news of layoffs (The Globe and Mail put the number at a quarter of the company’s workforce). The company is building a prototype reactor in B.C. that will be half the size of its intended commercial device.
  General Fusion has made multiple pivots over the years, including significant technology changes and a canceled demonstration project in the United Kingdom.
  Additional fusion tech companies
  In addition to the four Pacific Northwest companies working to build energy-producing fusion devices, three other ventures are offering supporting technologies and services.
  Kyoto Fusioneering
• Location: Tokyo HQ; Seattle; Chalk River, Ontario
• Founded: 2019, and opened in Seattle in 2023
• Funding: $108 million
• Business: The development of fusion component technologies to aid others in building commercial reactors. The startup is building fusion test facilities in Japan and Ontario.
  Altrusion
• Location: Sedro-Woolley, Wash.
• Founded: 2024
• Funding: None disclosed
• Business: Manufacturing precision-engineered components for fusion reactors and other energy technologies including advance nuclear and batteries, as well as transportation and semiconductors.
  ExoFusion
• Location: Bellevue, Wash.
• Founded: 2022
• Funding: Seed round, undisclosed amount
• Business: Offering intellectual property and licensing of technology to other ventures trying to commercialize fusion power.
  Academic and national labs
  Idaho National Laboratory
• INL is part of the Fusion Innovative Research Engine (FIRE) collaboratives program, which launched in 2023 by the DOE.
• The lab leads Blanket Nuclear Testing (BNT) for FIRE and runs the Fusion Safety Program.
  Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
• PNNL is working on new materials for fusion reactors that can withstand the damage caused by fusion reactions and is developing structural components for reactors. It’s also researching fusion-related computing.
  University of Washington
• UW’s William E. Boeing Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics is conducting plasma science, including research on fusion energy. UW fusion spinoffs include Zap and CTFusion, which shut down in 2023 and some of its co-founders took roles at Zap.