美国交通部强化燃油车支持，降低燃油效率标准
内容总结：
美国交通部近日宣布大幅降低2031年款汽车及轻型卡车的燃油效率标准，将原定每加仑50.4英里的目标下调至34.5英里。此举标志着特朗普政府正式推翻了拜登任内推行的一项关键气候政策。
该调整源于今年1月交通部长肖恩·达菲上任后对能效标准的重新审查。此前，美国政府已在夏季取消了电动汽车购置税收抵免政策。分析指出，这一系列举措可能使美国在电动汽车发展浪潮中落后于国际制造商，同时高关税政策将进一步限制先进电动车型进入美国市场。
尽管政府宣称新规可为每辆新车降低约1000美元成本，并在五年内节省1090亿美元开支，但环保人士警告，若环保署同时撤销“气候变化危害人类健康”的科学认定，可能导致油价持续上涨。更令人担忧的是，全球变暖趋势若得不到遏制，极端气候事件引发的经济社会损失将难以估量。
当前国际汽车产业正加速电动化转型，多国市场已推出更具竞争力的电动车型。美国能源政策的转向，或将深刻影响其汽车产业格局与气候变化应对进程。
中文翻译：
美国交通部强化燃油车支持力度，降低燃油效率标准
一项愚蠢的承诺正化为令人扼腕的现实。
特朗普总统领导下的交通部正着手推翻更多拜登政府时期制定的气候政策。根据美国国家公路交通安全管理局拟议的新规，2031年款乘用车及轻型卡车的燃油效率标准将从原定的每加仑50.4英里降至平均每加仑34.5英里——这原本是拜登推动美国民众转向电动汽车的重要举措。
此举早在特朗普重新执政后便在意料之中。交通部长肖恩·达菲今年一月上任次日即下令重新审查燃油效率标准。本届政府还在夏季取消了电动汽车购置税收抵免政策。与此同时，国际制造商正加速研发更优质的电动汽车，为其他市场推出更具吸引力的车型，而这些车型却因关税壁垒难以进入美国市场。
尽管特朗普今日宣称新规将使新车平均成本降低1000美元，并在五年内节省1090亿美元开支，但若环保署成功撤销"气候变化危害人类健康"的科学认定，汽油价格势必持续攀升。更不用说随着全球持续变暖，日益频发的灾难性天气事件将带来难以估量的经济与生命损失。
英文来源：
US Department of Transportation doubles down on gas, cuts fuel efficiency standards
A stupid promise becomes a sad reality.
The Department of Transportation under President Donald Trump is moving to reverse more of the climate policies that had been enacted by President Joe Biden. Under a proposed rulemaking by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, fuel efficiency standards for cars and light trucks in model year 2031 will be reduced to an average of 34.5 miles per gallon, down from the standard of 50.4 miles per gallon that was part of Biden's plans to encourage more adoption of electric vehicles among US drivers.
The move was expected since Trump re-took office. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy ordered the NHTSA to review fuel efficiency standards in January a day after he assumed the title. The current administration also ended a tax credit for buying electric vehicles over the summer. In the meantime, international manufacturers are racing ahead in their progress on building better EVs, offering other markets more exciting models that won’t arrive in the US thanks to tariffs.
While Trump's announcement today claimed that the change would reduce the average cost of a new car by $1,000 and offer a savings of $109 billion over five years, gas prices are on track to increase if the Environmental Protection Agency does successfully repeal the finding that climate change causes human harm. Plus there's the incalculable financial and human cost of a growing number of catastrophic weather events that have been predicted if the planet continues to get warmer.