内容来源：https://lifehacker.com/work/newtons-first-law-for-productivity?utm_medium=RSS

内容总结：

牛顿定律也能提升效率？从“保持静止”到“进入状态”的秘诀

在效率管理领域，各种“法则”层出不穷。有趣的是，一些基础物理定律同样能为我们所用，例如牛顿第一运动定律——“物体在不受外力时，总保持静止或匀速直线运动状态”——正被许多人视为克服拖延、开启工作的核心心法。

该定律在效率层面的映射十分直观：当人处于“静止”状态（如瘫在沙发上），便倾向于持续拖延；而一旦进入“运动”状态（如开始整理房间），则更容易保持节奏，高效推进。这种“动者恒动”的思维，催生了一系列实用技巧。

其中最易上手的是“两分钟法则”：任何两分钟内能完成的事，立刻执行。立即回复邮件、顺手扔掉垃圾、马上预约取消……这些微小的即时行动能快速积累“动能”。与之配合的还有“再来一个”策略：着手任务后，不断问自己“能否再多做一点？”，无论是多写几行报告还是多回复一封邮件。完成的每一步都会带来正反馈，推动你持续前进。

实践表明，调整任务顺序以“启动动能”效果显著。与其遵循“先难后易”的“吃青蛙”法则，不如将每日待办清单上的简单事项前置。快速勾选几项小任务带来的成就感，能有效积累心理势能，助你更从容地应对后续挑战。有医疗部门的研究也发现，这种“进入并保持运动状态”的思维模式对提升工作效率具有积极影响。

从物理定律到效率工具，关键在于理解：最难的一步往往是从“静止”到“运动”的转换。而通过微小的即时行动积累动能，我们或许能更轻松地启动，并稳步保持高效的工作状态。

中文翻译：

关于所谓的"效率法则"已有诸多讨论和研究，但即便那些我们用来指导生活其他领域的定律，在处理待办事项时同样适用。牛顿运动定律就能巧妙转化为效率法则，其中第一定律尤为贴切。

牛顿第一定律究竟讲什么？

牛顿第一运动定律表述为："静止的物体会保持静止，运动的物体会保持匀速直线运动，除非受到不平衡外力的作用。"虽然这原本是物理学原理，但在网络上的效率讨论圈里，专注于优化工作方法的人们已开始将其智慧应用于人类行为。这确实有道理：当你进入状态时——比如打扫房间——你会沉浸其中持续行动；而当你瘫在沙发上对工作心生抗拒时，就很容易一直拖延下去。

这种思路让我联想到自己最常用的效率提升方法——"再来一项"技巧。运用这个方法时，你无需严格规划单项任务的耗时，只需承诺开始行动，然后不断问自己："还能再做一项吗？"这里的"一项"指整体任务中的任意细分环节。完成得越多，动力就越足，回答"能"的可能性也越大。在尝试其他方法屡屡受挫多年后，无论是打扫房间、健身训练还是邮件回复，这套方法对我各类事务都卓有成效。

如何将牛顿定律应用于效率提升？

研究表明，培养"启动并保持行动"的思维模式能有效提升效率。例如某核医学科医护人员应用该理念的评估报告指出，这种方法不仅"新颖"，还能"对工作效率产生积极影响"。

关键在于如何启动而非单纯维持行动，建议从以下方法入手：尝试遵循两分钟法则——凡两分钟内能完成的事立即执行。我常将此法则与"再来一项"技巧结合使用，在想到某事的瞬间或灵感迸发时即刻行动。收到邮件立即回复，发现垃圾需要清理马上处理，遇到要取消的预约当即致电。养成即时处理小任务的习惯能帮助你积累动能。在预先规划工作时，我会利用两分钟法则，将待办清单前列安排简单任务，而非采用"先啃硬骨头"那种要求优先处理最艰巨任务的方法。

记得初次实践这个方法时，某天我需要确认票务订单、填写W9表格、订购毕业礼服、清理整个衣架并完成12页论文。通过先完成前三项简单任务，我积累了积极情绪和行动惯性，从而推动自己在当天晚些时候攻克更艰巨的工作。看着待办清单上的勾选标记不断增多会带来成就感，因此当下能完成的事立即解决，这种愉悦感会促使你更想拿下大项目的勾选标记（我习惯在备忘录里记录待办事项并逐项勾选，只为获得这种激励）。如果你正在使用1-3-5待办清单法（这确实值得推荐），不妨调整任务顺序：先完成五件小事，再处理三件中等任务，最后攻克重要事项，如此便能亲身感受牛顿定律带来的效能提升。

英文来源：

There’s plenty of chatter and research surrounding the so-called “laws” of productivity, but even the laws we use to govern other areas of our lives can be applicable when there are things that need to get done. Newton’s Laws of Motion can be adapted to productivity, especially the first one.
What’s Newton’s first law all about?
Newton’s first law of motion is this: “An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.”
Obviously, he was talking about physics here, but in productivity spaces around the web, people who spend their time thinking about more efficient ways to get things done have started applying his wisdom to people. It makes sense: When you’re on a roll, say, cleaning your house, you kind of get into the zone and keep going. When you’re sitting on the couch dreading and putting off starting to work, it’s really easy to stay there and do nothing.
The thinking reminds me of the productivity approach I fall back on most often, which I call the "one more" trick. Using it, you don't schedule out how long you'll work on a given task so much as you commit to getting started, then continually ask yourself, "Could I do one more?" with the "one" being any individual part of the overall task. The more you get done, the more motivated you are, and the more likely the answer to that question will be "yes." After years of failed attempts to follow other approaches, this is what I use when I'm cleaning, but it works for a variety of things, from doing reps at the gym to responding to emails.
How can Newton’s law be applied to productivity?
Research has looked into how adapting a mindset of getting into and staying in motion can help you be more productive. One review of its use by healthcare workers in a nuclear medicine department found it “novel,” but also able to “have a positive impact on productivity,” for instance.
The trick isn’t staying in motion, but getting into it, so here’s where you should start. Try adhering to the two-minute rule, or the practice of immediately doing something if it will take two minutes or less. I use this in conjunction with the "one more" trick constantly, trying to do something the moment I think of it, or as soon as motivation or inspiration strikes. If an email comes in, respond to it right away. If you need to take the trash out, do it the minute you notice. If you have to cancel an appointment, call that second. Getting in the habit of doing smaller tasks immediately can help you build momentum. When I do pre-plan what I have to work on, I capitalize on the two-minute rule by frontloading my to-do list with simple tasks instead of opting for the “eat the frog” approach, which calls on you to do your biggest, most demanding duties first.
One day when I was first starting to use this trick, for instance, I had to confirm a ticket order, fill out a W9, order my graduation attire, clean out my entire clothing rack, and do a 12-page paper. By doing the three smaller things first, I built up some positivity and momentum, which helped push me to do the more daunting stuff later in the day. It’s rewarding to see checkmarks fill up your to-do list, so knock out whatever you can in the moment to get that rush and make you want to secure the checkmarks on the bigger items. (I quite literally jot my to-dos down in my notes app and check them off as I get them done, just for the boost.) If you’re using a 1-3-5 to-do list (and you should be!) try flipping your day so you tackle the five small tasks before the three medium-sized ones and large one so you can harness the power of Newton’s law yourself.