内容来源：https://news.microsoft.com/signal/articles/what-ai-means-for-higher-education/

内容总结：

人工智能时代，高等教育如何引领下一代？微软专家提出四大行动路径

随着人工智能深刻改变工作、生活和学习方式，高等教育机构不应只是被动适应，而必须主动引领变革。微软人工智能经济研究所负责人胡安·M·拉维斯塔·费雷斯在其新书《变革的程度：人工智能对教育与下一代的意义》中强调，高等教育面临一项紧迫任务：在培养学生掌握必要AI技能的同时，坚守数百年来培育批判性思维、沟通能力和人文价值的核心使命，并且行动必须加快。

该书汇集数十位学者观点，为高等教育在AI时代发挥领导作用提出四大关键方向：

1. AI素养成为核心必修课，而非选修
AI正变得无处不在。高校必须将AI技术技能教学纳入体系，因为AI素养乃至熟练运用AI已成为工作与生活的基本要求。就业市场已发出明确信号：早期数据显示，掌握AI技能能为劳动者带来约23%的薪资溢价。这种教学不能脱离原有基础，必须将AI素养融入以伦理推理、问题分析、沟通协作等传统核心能力为根基的课程体系中，教师则站在了AI经济实践的第一线。

2. 加速适应，坚守育人使命
AI在加速处理常规任务、改变问题解决方式的同时，必须确保“人的能动性”在高等教育中的核心地位。教育者需审慎地将生成式AI整合进课程、培训与基础设施，在支持学习的同时不削弱机构的长期使命。与此同时，学校必须加快行动，确保所有学生都能获得全面的AI教育，包括技能与伦理素养。

3. 构建“双向素养”
开发者需要理解AI对社会的影响与伦理关切，而教育者、政策制定者和公众则需学习AI的工作原理。成功取决于这种双向理解：彼此了解对方的工作。这将推动负责任创新——劳动者将常规工作交由AI处理，自身专注于监督、创造与复杂决策。若缺乏双向素养，监管与应用将滞后，阻碍进步。

4. 高校无法独自完成，需跨界合作
AI时代的成功取决于高校、行业与政策制定者的协同努力。在此过程中，教师与机构必须通过平衡学术敏捷性与广泛培养学生适应现在与未来的需求，来支持身处AI时代前沿的学生。这意味着高校需与业界共同制定受雇主认可的AI技术能力认证标准，为将AI技能准备融入学位与课程提供财务与结构支持，并确保不同背景的学习者都能包容、平等地获得相关教育。

《变革的程度：人工智能对教育与下一代的意义》一书已由威立出版社出版，并在各大线上书店发售。

中文翻译：

– 预计阅读时间：4分钟。

探索人工智能对教育及下一代的意义

作者

随着人工智能改变我们的工作、生活和学习方式，高等教育不仅是参与者，更需引领方向。

在人工智能重塑世界的当下，高等教育必须把握平衡，为下一代做好准备。它既要教授学生必要的新兴人工智能技能，又要坚守数百年来指引其方向的使命：培养批判性思维、沟通能力和人文价值观。

而且，这一切必须加速推进。

这些核心理念来自胡安·M·拉维斯塔·费雷斯的新书《变革的维度：人工智能对教育及下一代的意义》。拉维斯塔·费雷斯领导微软人工智能经济研究所，并担任微软"人工智能向善"实验室主任。

"首先，我们必须让人们掌握有效运用人工智能所需的技能——这是确保其广泛普及的关键一步，"拉维斯塔·费雷斯写道。"其次，更深层的是，我们必须理解人工智能本身如何重塑整体教育生态。"

拉维斯塔·费雷斯与数十位撰稿学者在书中指出，高等教育在人工智能时代能够且应当通过以下四种方式发挥引领作用：

人工智能素养不是选修课，而是核心必修项

人工智能正迅速渗透生活各个角落，从支付账单到乘坐公交皆可见其身影。这意味着高校必须教授学生人工智能技术技能，因为人工智能素养乃至精通能力将成为工作与生活的必备素质。就业市场已清晰印证这点：早期数据显示，掌握人工智能技能可带来23%的薪资溢价。

这种学习不能脱离现实。人工智能素养必须融入院校教学与课程体系，同时坚守高等教育的核心能力培养——包括伦理思辨、问题拆解分析、沟通协作等。在此过程中，教师站在了人工智能经济的第一线。

高等教育必须加速变革，坚守育人初心

当人工智能加速处理常规任务并改变问题解决方式时，人的主体性仍应居于高等教育的中心。教育者需将生成式人工智能审慎融入课程、培训、学位体系与基础设施，在支持新型学习的同时不削弱院校的长期使命。

同样重要的是，学校在将人工智能技能与伦理素养嵌入课程时，必须加快步伐，让所有学生都能获得全面的人工智能教育。

素养建设需双向贯通

开发者需要理解人工智能对社会的影响及伦理问题，而教育者、政策制定者和公众则须了解人工智能的运行原理。成功取决于这种双向素养建设——让各方理解彼此的工作领域。

其回报将无比丰厚，而无所作为的代价将极其高昂。将常规工作交由人工智能处理、从而专注于监督协调、创造性工作和复杂决策的劳动者，将引领负责任的创新。但若缺乏双向素养，监管与落地将滞后，阻碍进步进程。

仅靠教授与院长远远不够

人工智能时代的成功取决于高校、行业与政策制定者的协同合作。在此协作框架下，教师与院校必须发挥主导作用，支持身处人工智能时代前沿的学生。他们需要在保持学术敏捷性的同时，平衡好让毕业生适应当下与未来需求的广泛使命。

这意味着高等教育机构必须：建立受雇主认可的人工智能技术能力认证标准；为将人工智能技能与适应性融入学位课程提供财务与制度支持；确保不同背景的学习者都能获得包容、可及的教育资源。

《变革的维度：人工智能对教育及下一代的意义》已由威立出版社出版，各大线上书店有售。

英文来源：

– The estimated reading time is 4 min.
Exploring what AI means for education and the next generation
Author
As AI transforms how we work, live and learn, higher education is more than another player — it needs to lead the way.
Higher education must strike a balance as it prepares the next generation for a world being reshaped with AI. It needs to teach students new and necessary AI skills, while staying true to the mission that’s guided it for centuries: cultivating critical thinking, communication and human values.
And it needs to do all this faster.
These are central messages from a new book, “Degrees of Change: What AI Means for Education and the Next Generation,” by Juan M. Lavista Ferres, who leads Microsoft’s AI Economy Institute and is director of the company’s AI for Good Lab.
“First, we must equip people with the skills needed to use AI effectively — a critical step for ensuring its widespread diffusion,” Lavista Ferres writes. “Second, and more profoundly, we must understand how AI itself is reshaping education as a whole.”
Here are four ways Lavista Ferres and the book’s contributors — dozens of authors and scholars — say higher education can and should lead in the age of AI:
AI literacy isn’t an elective; it’s now a core requirement
AI is rapidly becoming ubiquitous, helping people with everything from paying bills to riding public buses. That means colleges and universities must teach students technical AI skills because AI literacy, and ultimately AI fluency, will be required for work and life. The job market is already making this clear. Early data shows that AI proficiency already carries a 23% wage premium.
This learning can’t happen in a vacuum. AI literacy must be embedded into teaching at institutions and within curricula that remain grounded in higher ed’s competencies, including ethical reasoning, breaking down and analyzing problems, communication and collaboration. Here, instructors are at the frontline of the AI economy.
Higher education must adapt quickly and stay true to its mission
As AI accelerates routine tasks and reshapes how people solve problems, human agency must remain at the center of higher learning. Educators need to integrate generative AI thoughtfully into courses, training, degrees and infrastructures to support this learning without eroding institutions’ long-standing mission.
As important, schools must move faster, even as they embed AI skills and ethics literacy into curricula, making comprehensive AI education accessible to all students.
Literacy cuts both ways
Developers need to understand AI’s impact on society and ethical concerns, while educators, policymakers and the public must learn how AI works. Success depends on this dual literacy, where each group understands the other’s work.
The payoff will be huge and the price for inaction will be steep. Workers who outsource routine work to AI so they can focus on oversight, creative work and complex judgments will lead responsible innovation. But without dual literacy, regulation and adoption will lag, hindering progress.
Professors and deans can’t do this alone
Success in the age of AI hinges on universities, industry and policymakers working together. Amid this teamwork, faculty and institutions must play a leading role by supporting students who are at the forefront of the age of AI. They can do this by balancing the need for academic agility with a mission to broadly prepare graduates for today and the future.
This means higher education institutions must set clear standards for AI technical credentials that will be recognized by employers, provide the financial and structural support needed to integrate AI skills and readiness into degrees and courses, and ensure inclusivity and accessibility for diverse learners.
“Degrees of Change: What AI Means for Education and the Next Generation” is available now from Wiley and online booksellers.