内容来源：https://aibusiness.com/ai-policy/trump-administration-releases-ai-legislative-framework

内容总结：

美国政府近日发布新版国家人工智能立法框架，旨在为AI技术治理确立统一联邦规范。该框架强调避免各州各自为政的监管模式，主张通过联邦层面的统筹管理消除创新壁垒，以加速AI在各行业的部署。

文件重点关注多项民生议题：要求为家长提供管理未成年人数字环境的工具，强化对未成年人性剥削风险的防范；推动数据中心实现现场发电以减轻公众用电负担；呼吁国会建立AI劳动力培训体系，并在AI驱动经济中创造新就业岗位。同时，文件回应了公众对数据中心高耗电、AI模型失控等问题的担忧。

分析人士指出，该框架延续了特朗普政府主张联邦主导AI监管的一贯立场，其发布时机正值初选阶段，被视为对选民关切的回应。然而，伊利诺伊、加利福尼亚等已出台或酝酿地方AI立法的州可能对此产生抵触，这些地区更倾向于制定比联邦层面更严格的监管措施。

随着中期选举临近，AI数据中心监管问题预计将成为焦点议题。该框架最终能否有效实施，仍有待各界进一步评估。

中文翻译：

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尽管可能面临已制定本州AI法规地区的阻力，本届政府仍寻求在联邦层面简化监管体系，避免各州各自为政的治理模式。
唐纳德·特朗普总统领导的政府于周五发布新版《国家人工智能立法框架》，再次向企业和公众传递其对AI技术的重视程度以及实施必要监管的立场。

该文件针对美国民众在AI技术领域面临的部分挑战提出应对方案。其目标之一是提供家长管理子女数字环境的工具，包括账户控制功能。政府强调未成年人接触的AI平台应配备降低儿童性剥削风险的功能。另一目标是推动数据中心实现现场发电，避免美国民众为大型数据中心的巨额电费买单。政府要求国会消除其所谓的"过时或不必要的创新壁垒"，以加速AI在各行业的部署。最后，政府呼吁国会制定劳动力技能培训计划，在AI驱动的经济中创造新的就业岗位。

这份框架是特朗普政府向AI供应商及相关企业释放的又一信号：政府愿助力其取得成功并赢得AI竞争，而实现这一目标的最佳途径是由联邦掌控技术监管权。文件同时回应了民众对AI的若干担忧，例如数据中心导致电费飙升、AI模型失控生成女性裸体图像，甚至被指控煽动未成年人自杀等问题。

通过该框架，政府重申了特朗普在AI技术领域的一贯立场，坚持排除各州干预的联邦统一监管原则。去年12月总统签署限制州级AI监管的行政命令时，就曾试图推行这一立场。伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校数据科学与人工智能战略协理副校长迈克尔·贝内特指出："这本质上是对既定方针的重申……用白宫的说法，就是要避免AI治理陷入各州各市各自为政的泥潭。"

贝内特补充道，该框架在部分初选结果陆续公布的时间节点发布并非偶然。民主党在初选中的强劲表现预示着其可能在部分选区的中期选举中获胜。白宫此举实质上是向选民表明：政府理解民众对AI的忧虑并计划予以化解。

"至于这项计划是否合理有效，最终需要选民自行判断。"贝内特表示。他进一步指出，政府此举也是向AI开发应用企业及服务商传递信息：相较于各州零散的法律条文，他们更需要"一套源自联邦政府的统一AI治理原则"。

然而贝内特认为，该框架很可能遭遇伊利诺伊州、科罗拉多州、加利福尼亚州和纽约州等已通过或正在酝酿AI法规地区的抵制。"这些州不赞成自由放任的监管方式，"他继续分析，"他们更倾向于主动引领立法进程，在某些领域制定比联邦层面可能出台的法规更为严格的律法。"

贝内特最后强调，白宫文件揭示的核心问题在于：AI数据中心及其监管议题，必将成为中期选举期间舆论关注的焦点。

英文来源：

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The administration seeks to streamline regulations at the federal level, avoiding state-by-state governance, despite potential resistance from states with their own AI regulations.
The administration of President Donald Trump again signaled to enterprises and everyday citizens the importance it places on AI and the need to govern the technology in some ways, with the release on Friday of a new National AI Legislative Framework.
The document addresses some of the challenges Americans have been facing with AI technology. One objective is to provide parents with tools to manage their children's digital environment, including account controls. The administration said AI platforms accessed by minors should have features that reduce the potential sexual exploitation of children. Another objective is to have data centers generate power on-site, so Americans are not footing the bill for the large data centers. The administration asked Congress to remove what it calls "outdated or unnecessary barriers" to innovation, so that AI deployment can accelerate across all industries. Finally, the administration called on Congress to develop workforce and skills-training programs and to create new jobs in the AI-powered economy.
The framework is another move by the Trump administration to show AI vendors and enterprises that want to help them succeed and win the AI race, and that the best way to do so is to have control over how the technology is governed. The document also addresses some concerns Americans have about AI, such as large data centers causing large electric bills and AI models going rogue and undressing women or even allegedly encouraging the suicide of minors and others.
With the framework, the administration reiterated Trump's longstanding position on AI technology, insisting on dealing with it without input from individual states, a stance it tried to enforce when the President signed an executive order in December limiting state-level regulation of AI.
"It's just a restatement … a repetition and a doubling down on that desire as the White House would probably put it to avoid a morass or a thicket of state and municipal approaches to governing AI," said Michael Bennett, associate vice chancellor for data science and AI strategy at University of Illinois Chicago.
He added that it's no surprise the framework comes at a time when some primary election results are coming in. Strong Democratic Party showings signal potential Democratic successes in the midterm elections in some electoral districts. The White House is effectively saying it understands voters' concerns about AI and plans to alleviate them, Bennett said.
"Now, whether the plan is sensible, whether it's going to be effective or not, that's something for voters to determine on their own," he said.
The administration's move is also a way to communicate to enterprises using and developing AI, and providing AI services, that they would be better off with a "single overarching set of principles governing AI and emanating from the federal government as opposed to disparate laws coming from the states," Bennett added.
However, the framework is likely to face pushback from states such as Illinois, Colorado, California, and New York that have passed AI laws or are considering them, he said.
"They're not in favor of a laissez-faire approach to regulating," he continued. "They would have effectively said that it's really important for them to take the lead, and in some instances, pass laws that are significantly stronger than what would likely pass at the federal level."
A key issue the White House document highlights is that the question of AI data centers and AI, and how to regulate them, will be front and center during the midterm elections, Bennett added.