内容来源：https://news.microsoft.com/signal/articles/ai-rewriting-rules-of-modern-medicine/

内容总结：

人工智能正悄然重塑现代医疗规则。在微软研究院院长彼得·李主持的播客系列《医疗AI革命再探讨》中，多位专家揭示了人工智能从诊疗实践到药物研发的多维度变革。

AI不仅通过自动记录医患对话、生成高同理心患者回信等方式减轻医生认知负荷，更成为医疗安全的"第二双眼睛"——斯坦福大学学者达内殊朱分享的案例显示，AI曾成功识别出儿童泰诺处方剂量错误。盖茨特别指出，这项技术对医疗资源匮乏地区意义重大，有望缩小低收入国家在智能医疗应用方面的差距。

更深远的影响在于学科壁垒的消融。波士顿儿童医院医生奇塔姆提出，AI的全视角分析能力可能推动专科医学体系进化。与此同时，现代医疗公司联合创始人阿费扬强调，AI正通过靶点发现加速新药研发，或将根本性改变科研范式。

尽管技术前景广阔，专家共识表明：AI的真正价值在于增强而非取代人类医疗，最终目标是构建更高效、更具人文关怀的医疗生态。

中文翻译：

预计阅读时间：4分钟
人工智能如何悄然重塑现代医疗规则
作者

从诊断罕见病到提升患者体验，人工智能正在彻底改变医疗实践方式。

在播客系列《医疗AI革命再探索》中，微软研究院院长彼得·李与医疗健康领域的专家展开对谈，深入探讨人工智能如何颠覆传统医疗模式。李与嘉宾们剖析了AI如何优化临床体验——例如在问诊时自动生成病历、帮助患者更主动参与治疗，甚至加速新药研发进程。

以下是李与嘉宾总结的AI变革医疗健康的五大核心洞察：

1. 强化医患情感联结
   加州大学圣地亚哥分校健康中心首席临床创新官克里斯托弗·朗赫斯特博士在第一期节目中指出，AI不仅能生成高质量的患者讯息回复，更能传递"巨大共情力"。医生渴望对患者问题作出深思熟虑的回应，而AI可快速起草回复初稿，在保持人文关怀的同时提升诊疗效率。"AI生成的回复长度平均增加2-3倍，且更具同理心，这显著减轻了医生的认知负荷。"

2. 智能纠错机制
   斯坦福大学生物医学数据科学与皮肤病学助理教授罗克萨娜·达内什朱博士在第四期分享亲身经历：她孩子的就诊小结曾出现泰诺剂量错误。作为专业医生，她立即发现异常，而AI在核查时也精准识别出药物剂量错误。"AI犹如第二双眼睛，能有效防范医疗差错。"

3. 普惠医疗资源
   微软联合创始人、盖茨基金会主席比尔·盖茨在第七期强调，AI在缺医地区具有关键价值。必须确保低收入国家在应用AI医疗时"不会落后"。"无论是印度还是非洲，这些经验都具有全球价值——因为人类需要医疗智能，而AI恰好能提供这种支持。"

4. 打破医学专科壁垒
   波士顿儿童医院住院医师摩根·奇塔姆博士在第九期与李探讨：当肾病专家专注肾脏问题时，大语言模型却能提供跨学科视角。"医学专科本身是否需要进化？回顾医疗技术发展史，新技术往往迫使专业领域进行重构。"

5. 加速新药研发
   旗舰创投创始人兼CEO、莫德纳联合创始人努巴尔·阿费扬在第八期指出："AI可能从根本上改变科研范式。"该期节目深入探讨了AI在识别新药物靶点、优化疾病诊疗方面的突破性作用。

欢迎访问《医疗AI革命再探索》专题页面，或通过苹果播客、安卓及Spotify平台收听完整系列。

头图：微软研究院院长彼得·李（前排左四）与《医疗AI革命再探索》播客嘉宾合影。（插图：泰蒂安娜·布赫inska与大卫·塞利斯·加西亚）

英文来源：

– The estimated reading time is 4 min.
How AI is quietly rewriting the rules of modern medicine
Author
From diagnosing rare conditions to improving the patient experience, AI is transforming how we practice medicine.
In the podcast series “The AI Revolution in Medicine, Revisited,” Microsoft Research President Peter Lee sits down with experts across health and life sciences to explore all the ways AI is changing the game. Lee and his guests walk through how AI can make simple improvements to clinical experiences today — like taking notes during doctor visits, helping patients take a more active role in their care and even accelerating development of new drugs.
Here are some of the takeaways from Lee and his guests about how AI is changing healthcare.

1. AI can help strengthen the human connection between doctors and their patients
   AI can not only help generate high-quality answers to patient messages but can also convey “a tremendous amount of empathy,” Dr. Christopher Longhurst explains in Episode 1.
   Longhurst, chief clinical and innovation officer at University of California San Diego Health, says doctors want to give thoughtful responses to patients’ questions and that AI can help them draft a starting point more quickly — helping clinicians respond efficiently while still preserving the human touch.
   “We saw that the responses were two to three times longer, on average, and they carried a more empathetic tone,” Longhurst says. “And our physicians told us it decreased cognitive burden.”
2. AI can catch mistakes
   AI can be used as a “second set of eyes” to help catch errors like the wrong medication dose. In Episode 4, Dr. Roxana Daneshjou, assistant professor of biomedical data science and dermatology at Stanford University, recounts a personal story about receiving an after-visit summary with an incorrect dose of Tylenol for her child.
   “I, as a physician, knew that this dose was a mistake,” she says. She asked AI if there were any errors in the summary, “and it clued in that the dose of the medication was wrong.”
3. AI could increase access to healthcare in underserved regions
   AI could play a pivotal role when no doctor is available. In Episode 7, Microsoft co-founder and Gates Foundation Chair Bill Gates explains we need to ensure that in lower-income countries, “there isn’t some lag” in their adaptation of AI-led healthcare.
   “I think whether it’s India or Africa, there’ll be lessons that are globally valuable because we need medical intelligence,” he explains. “And, you know, thank God AI is going to provide a lot of that.”
4. AI could start to blur boundaries between medical fields
   AI could help break down the walls between medical specialties, as Lee and Dr. Morgan Cheatham, resident physician at Boston Children’s Hospital, discuss in Episode 9: The idea that while specialists may focus on specific things — nephrologists on kidneys, for example — responses from large language models can have a more expansive view.
   “I’m interested in this question of whether medical specialties themselves need to evolve,” Cheatham says. “And if we look back in the history of medical technology, there are many times where a new technology forced a medical specialty to evolve.”
5. AI is accelerating drug development
   In Episode 8, Lee and his guests discuss how AI is playing a growing role in identifying new drug targets and how the technology can help improve the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
   “It may fundamentally change the way we think about how to do science,” explains Noubar Afeyan, founder and CEO of Flagship Pioneering and co-founder and chairman of Moderna.
   Listen to the podcast series from “The AI Revolution in Medicine, Revisited” homepage or on Apple Podcasts, Android or Spotify.
   Lead image: Microsoft Research President Peter Lee (front, fourth from the left) surrounded by guests on “The AI Revolution in Medicine, Revisited” podcast. (Illustration by Tetiana Bukhinska and David Celis Garcia)