加州针对应用商店和操作系统的年龄验证法案再获进展
内容总结：
加州《数字年龄认证法案》在州议会获全票通过，即将提交州长签署。该法案要求应用商店及操作系统提供商在用户下载应用前进行年龄验证，但无需提交身份证件，而是授权家长在设备初始化阶段为子女账户设置年龄标识，从而自动限制未成年人访问不适宜内容及屏幕使用时间。与犹他州、得克萨斯州今年稍早通过的同类型法案引发科技巨头强烈反对不同，加州法案获得谷歌、Meta等企业的公开支持，被认为在"保护未成年人"与"隐私安全"之间取得了更平衡的方案。州长纽森须在10月13日前决定是否签署该法案。
中文翻译：
加州针对应用商店及操作系统的年龄验证法案再获进展
《数字年龄认证法案》已通过州议会投票
据Politico报道，加州一项要求操作系统和应用商店提供商在用户下载应用前进行年龄验证的法案，已以58票赞成、0票反对的结果通过州议会表决，现将提交州长加文·纽森签署。该《数字年龄认证法案》（AB 1043）由州议员巴菲·威克斯提出，不要求上传身份证照片进行验证，但要求平台方在设备设置阶段为家长提供工具以标注用户年龄，并据此为未成年人推荐适龄内容并管理屏幕使用时间。
此前犹他州和得克萨斯州今年初通过的类似应用商店年龄验证法，因存在潜在隐私风险争议而遭到谷歌和苹果等公司反对。相比之下加州法案更受科技巨头支持，谷歌、Meta等公司在参议院周五表决前已发表声明表示赞同。谷歌政府事务与公共政策高级总监卡里姆·加尼姆称该法案是"迄今为止在保护儿童安全挑战方面最具深思熟虑的方案，认可这是整个生态系统的共同责任"。据Politico消息，州长纽森需在10月13日前决定是否签署该法案。
英文来源：
California's age verification bill for app stores and operating systems takes another step forward
The Digital Age Assurance Act has cleared the Assembly.
A California bill that would require operating system and app store providers to verify users' ages before they can download apps has cleared the Assembly 58-0, and will now move on to Gov. Gavin Newsom, Politico reports. The Digital Age Assurance Act (AB 1043), introduced by Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, does not require photo identification for verification, but puts the onus on the platforms to provide tools for parents to indicate the user's age during a device's setup, and use this information steer kids toward age-appropriate content and screen time.
It comes after Utah and Texas both adopted app store age verification laws earlier this year that have been criticized as posing potential privacy risks, and faced opposition from the likes of Google and Apple. The California bill has been received more positively by Big Tech, with Google, Meta and others putting out statements in support of it in the leadup to a Senate vote on Friday. Kareem Ghanem, Google's Senior Director of Government Affairs & Public Policy, called the bill "one of the most thoughtful approaches we’ve seen thus far to the challenges of keeping kids safe, recognizing that it’s a shared responsibility across the ecosystem.” Gov. Newsom now has until October 13 to sign or veto the bill, according to Politico.