内容来源：https://techcrunch.com/2025/11/03/studio-ghibli-and-other-japanese-publishers-want-openai-to-stop-training-on-their-work/

内容总结：

近日，日本内容海外流通协会（CODA）代表吉卜力工作室等出版机构，正式致函美国人工智能公司OpenAI，要求其立即停止在未经授权的情况下使用受版权保护的内容训练人工智能模型。

随着OpenAI旗下图像生成工具ChatGPT及视频生成应用Sora的普及，用户擅自使用吉卜力动画风格生成图片的行为形成风潮，甚至该公司首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼也将社交媒体头像改为"吉卜力风格"图片。此举引发日本内容产业强烈不满，CODA在公函中明确指出，在机器学习过程中复制特定受版权保护作品的行为，依据日本著作权法可能构成侵权。

这已非OpenAI首次面临版权争议。其"先使用后追认"的版权策略曾引发任天堂、马丁·路德·金遗产管理机构等多方投诉。尽管美国法律对AI训练使用版权材料的界定尚不明确，且近期有判例认定Anthropic公司使用受版权书籍训练AI未构成侵权，但日本方面强调，其著作权体系严格要求事先获取授权。

值得注意的是，吉卜力工作室核心创作人宫崎骏虽未直接回应此次事件，但早在2016年接触AI生成动画时就曾表示"感到极度厌恶"，并直言"这是对生命本身的侮辱"。目前事件发展仍取决于OpenAI的回应态度，若协商未果，相关机构或将诉诸法律途径。

中文翻译：

一家代表吉卜力工作室等出版商的日本行业组织上周致信OpenAI，呼吁这家人工智能巨头停止在未经许可的情况下使用其受版权保护的内容训练人工智能模型。制作了《千与千寻》和《龙猫》等影片的吉卜力工作室尤其受到OpenAI生成式人工智能产品的影响。今年3月，当ChatGPT原生图像生成器发布时，用户纷纷上传自拍或宠物照片，要求以吉卜力工作室电影的风格重新创作，这成为一时风尚。连OpenAI的首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼也把自己的X平台个人资料图片换成了一张"吉卜力风格"的图片。

如今，随着越来越多人能够使用OpenAI的Sora应用和视频生成器，日本内容海外流通促进机构已要求OpenAI不得在未经许可的情况下使用其成员的内容进行机器学习。这一要求并非空穴来风。OpenAI对待受版权保护内容的方式是"先斩后奏"，这使得用户能够轻易生成受版权保护的角色和已故名人的照片和视频。这种做法已引来任天堂等机构以及小马丁·路德·金遗产管理方的投诉——后者的人物形象很容易在Sora应用上被深度伪造。

是否配合这些要求取决于OpenAI自己；如若不然，受害方可以提起诉讼，不过美国法律对于将受版权保护的材料用于人工智能训练仍无明确规定。迄今为止，几乎没有先例可供法官参考如何解释版权法，因为该法自1976年以来从未更新过。然而，美国联邦法官威廉·阿尔苏普最近的一项裁决认定，Anthropic公司使用受版权保护的书籍训练其人工智能并未违法——不过该公司确实因盗版训练所用书籍而被罚款。但日本内容海外流通促进机构声称，这在日本可能被视为侵犯版权。

日本内容海外流通促进机构写道："在诸如Sora 2等特定受版权保护作品被复制或类似生成作为输出的情况下，本机构认为机器学习过程中的复制行为可能构成版权侵权。根据日本版权制度，使用受版权保护的作品通常需要事先许可，且不存在通过事后异议来免除侵权责任的制度。"

作为吉卜力工作室核心创作人物之一，宫崎骏尚未对人工智能生成其作品衍生内容的泛滥直接发表评论。然而，当他在2016年看到人工智能生成的3D动画时，他的回应是"极度厌恶"。他当时表示："我完全无法觉得这种东西有趣。我强烈感受到这是对生命本身的亵渎。"

英文来源：

A Japanese trade organization representing publishers like Studio Ghibli wrote a letter to OpenAI last week, calling for the AI giant to stop training its AI models on their copyrighted content without permission.
Studio Ghibli, the animation studio behind films like “Spirited Away” and “My Neighbor Totoro,” has been especially impacted by OpenAI’s generative AI products. When ChatGPT’s native image generator was released in March, it became a popular trend for users to prompt for recreations of their selfies or pet pictures in the style of the studio’s films. Even OpenAI CEO Sam Altman changed his profile picture on X to a “Ghiblified” picture.
Now, as more people get access to OpenAI’s Sora app and video generator, Japan’s Content Overseas Distribution Association (CODA) has requested that OpenAI refrain from using its members’ content for machine learning without permission.
This request does not come unprompted. OpenAI’s approach to working with copyrighted content is to ask forgiveness, not permission, which has made it all too easy for users to generate photos and videos of copyrighted characters and deceased celebrities. This approach has yielded complaints from institutions like Nintendo, as well as the estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who could very easily be deepfaked on the Sora app.
It’s up to OpenAI to choose whether or not to cooperate with these requests; if not, the aggrieved parties can file a lawsuit, though United States law remains unclear about the use of copyrighted material for AI training.
There is little precedent thus far to guide judges on their interpretation of copyright law, which has not been updated since 1976. However, a recent ruling by US federal judge William Alsup found that Anthropic did not violate the law by training its AI on copyrighted books — the company did get fined for pirating the books it used for training, though.
But Japan’s Content Overseas Distribution Association (CODA) claims that this may be considered a copyright violation in Japan.
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“In cases, as with Sora 2, where specific copyrighted works are reproduced or similarly generated as outputs, CODA considers that the act of replication during the machine learning process may constitute copyright infringement,” CODA wrote. “Under Japan’s copyright system, prior permission is generally required for the use of copyrighted works, and there is no system allowing one to avoid liability for infringement through subsequent objections.”
Hayao Miyazaki, one of the central creative figures of Studio Ghibli, has not commented directly on the proliferation of AI-generated interpretations of his work. However, when he was shown AI-generated 3D animation in 2016, he responded that he was “utterly disgusted.”
“I can’t watch this stuff and find it interesting,” he said at the time. “I feel strongly that this is an insult to life itself.”